Computer
Computer is an electronic device that works on the basis of instructions stored in its own memory. Computer processes data into information.
Data
Data is the collection of unprocessed items, like images, files, videos. Data is converted into information after the processing.
Information
It is the output produced from data after processing.
Hardware
Computer consists of many electric and electronic devices known as hardware. We can see and touch the hardware. For example, Keyboard, Mouse.
Types of Hardware
There are many types of hardware.
i) Input Devices
These devices take input (data) and instructions from the user. Like keyboard- mouse are examples of Input devices
ii) Output Devices
These devices display information to one or more than one people like Monitor, printer etc.
iii) System Unit
It is the case that is consist of many electronic devices of the computer that are used to process data. For example, CPU and GPU.
iv) Storage Devices
The devices that care used to store data for the future use. For example, USB Flash Memory, SSD HDD. Communication Devices The devices that are used to communicate with other mobiles, computer etc. These devices are used to send and receive data between two or more people. For example, Modem.
Uses Of Computers in Real Life
Computer provides us speed, work.
Computer makes us able to rely on the different resources of Internet.
Computer provides us management Services.
In Computer we can store data.
Computer makes us able to communicates with other people.
Computer reduces the labor/physical work.
Disadvantages of Computers
Computer affects our health and causes the diseases of eyes, ears etc.
Computer violates privacy mean if our computer is hacked then our information can be breached.
Our privacy and sensitive information can be leak to public.
Computer Speakers produce noise and computer can affect Environment also.
Green Computing
Reducing the use of electricity, wastage produced by computer is called green Computing. It involves reducing use of electricity, regulating manufacturing process, reducing environmental effects of computer, recycling computers and donating computers after buying new ones.
Network
It is a collection of computer-based devices connected together often wirelessly by a communication device like Modem. The networks that connect millions of the educational institutes, business, government agencies etc.
Social Networking Site
It is a site that makes able the people to share pictures. files, audio, video with the other people registered on that site. Big examples of social networking sites are Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, TikTok, LinkedIn etc. Software or computer Software also known as program is set of the instructions that tells computer that how to perform a specific task. For example, windows, Adobe Photoshop.
Types of Software
There are two types of computer software.
System Software
This is software that manages, control and connect the different hardware components of computer. For example, window, Linux, USB deriver. There are further two types of System Software.
Operating System
It is the system software that controls, manage many hardware devices, software (application software) and controls many processes. In a short we can say that it is a resource manager.
ii) Utilities
These are the drivers of the hardware devices that are installed on a computer to run a specific hardware or configures hardware with Operating System. For example, we have to install USB Mini WiFi adopter utility or driver to run WiFi connection on our computer by using USB WiFi Mini adopter.
Application Software
It is the software that we install on our Operating system to perform specific task(s)on our computer. For example, we install Adobe Photoshop on our computer for Graphics Designing, Photo Editing, Web Designing, Application Designing etc.
Installing An Application Software
Following Steps are followed to install an application software on a compute.
1) First download it from an online site or play-store for mobile and Microsoft-store for windows.
2) Run its setup on computer, and it will install in your computer after installing its libraries in Computer.
Note
We should keep in mind that it will not install or cannot work properly if any requirement related to its work will miss from our System. It can depend upon System RAM, ROM, Graphic Card as well as Operating system Version also.
Game Consoles
These are used to play games, can be connected to computer easily. These are available for one or more individuals, small in size, easy to use. We can play game by mouse as well as keyboard but these are more effective.
Servers
These are large super computers having high power processing. Servers provide services to other computers. A server can provide services to 2000-3000 computers.
Super Computer
These are high power computer having high processing capability. These are large in size, very much and used as servers, Mainframes.
Mainframes
Are Super Computers having high power and high processing capability. These are large in and used to handle persons, accounts and networks in an organization.
Personal Computers
Personal computers used for personal purposes, used by single person at a time. These are low power computers. Their low and high processing depends upon system configurations. These are used for personal management, work on electricity as well as battery.
Types of PC Are two.
a) Desktop Computer
It is large in size, run on electricity, static in position. It has a separate keyboard, mouse, CPU, monitor. We could not carry it with us every time. It is used for personal work, management.
b) Laptop Computers
Laptops are small in size, run on electricity as well as battery. These have combined keyboard, touch based mouse, CPU, monitor. We can carry them easily from one place to another. A laptop can have weight of 7 pounds maximum. Some laptops are very thin called Ultra-thin laptops. Modern laptops work by touch screen also. Laptop is used for Personal work and management.
Mobile Computers/Mobile Devices
Mobile Devices are very small in size, easy to handheld and used for different purposes depending upon need. Different devices are used for different proposes. But some are all in one mean used for multiple purposes.
i) Notebook Computers
These are very small in size, similar to laptops, used for study purposes often, can be used personally for other purposes like business, management.
ii) Tablet PC
These are small in size but large than mobile, touch based like Android phone. These are used for study, business, research and much more as possible we can use.
iii) Smart Phone
Smart Phones are small in size & include Android Mobiles, Keypads and used for multiple purposes.
iv) Handheld Computers
These are easy to hand held, small in size, have keyboard connected. Their shapes are like mobile but keyboard like laptop. These are used for mini purposes.
v) Portable Media Players
Small media players, and easy to handheld. Used for entertainment purposes often like to see pics, play music, video etc.
vi) PDA (Portable Digital Assistant)
It is also known as handheld PC and works as PC. Its shape is like mobile. These are used for purposes may vary person to person.
Uses of Computers
There are lot of uses of computers like
1) Computer works as a tool to solve a problem by writing programs.
2) Computers are used in educational institutes for study purposes.
3) Embedded computers are used in toys, electronic cars, Air Planes, High Industrial Machines
3) Computers are used to manage
5) Computers are used to store data.
6) Computers are used to communicate with other people.
1) Computer is used to Access the internet to collect data.
8) Computer is used for entertainment by hearing music, pictures, videos, etc.
9) Servers are used to provide services to other people
10) Mainframes are used to handle/manage the data and users of large organizations.
Institutes That Use Computers widely
1) Educational Institutes
3) Governments
2) Finance
4) Health care
5) Scientific Institutes 6) Publishing Institutes
7) Traveling & Manufacturing companies.